Should Daily Fantasy Sports Games Be Considered Forms Of...

Should Daily Fantasy Sports Games Be Considered Forms of Gambling? Approximately 80% of Americans gamble at least once per year, in the amount of approximately $500 billion in 2013 (Aziz). Gambling has long held a tradition in America and is now becoming a ubiquitous industry. In recent years, as the gambling industry evolves with technological advancements, the growth of online sports wagering has created widespread concerns beyond those of traditional casino gambling. Legality of real sports betting, which includes betting on actual teams, players, or scores, is determined at the state level, with only four states (Delaware, Montana, Nevada, and Oregon) deciding it is legal to gamble on real life sports. However, online daily†¦show more content†¦In contrast, a game of skill is a game where the outcome is determined by the â€Å"a learned and developed ability, technical expertise, and knowledge† (LaMance). Games of skill are determined by mental or physical ab ilities that affect the outcome. If determined to be games of chance, all forms of fantasy sports games would become illegal in all states except Delaware, Montana, Nevada, and Oregon. It is necessary, before determining whether DFS games are games of chance or games of skill, to investigate how these online fantasy sports websites operate. DFS games allow fantasy â€Å"owners† to choose specific athletes based on their prediction of the performance of those athletes. The fantasy owners then compete against other owners in leagues, with the winners receiving monetary winnings. Each owner’s athletes accumulate points based on the athletes’ in-game performances. The owner of the team that has the most points by the end of the league, whether it be a day, week, or season competition, takes home the winnings. These winnings can be used to enter into new leagues or be deposited in the owner’s bank account. After one analyzes how online DFS games work, one can see that online fantasy sports websites are

Explain The Benefits Of Teaching Problem Solving Math

Explain the benefits of teaching problem solving math. It is important to teach or at least try to teach students problem solving related to math. Problem solving plays a big part in the math process. Teaching problem solving is beneficial to students because helps the students find solutions when struggling. It helps math to be more interesting and less stressful. Students see math with less negative reaction and more hope. Problem solving helps and improves student’s ability to think, solve, and find solutions. It is important for students to have the ability to have problem solving skills and this is what it teaches the students. Ultimately, problem solving helps students focus increase and learn what works best for them. Then choose three examples from the problem solving activities. There are many different types of problem solving activities that can be used in the classroom. However, it depends on the grade and the student that the activity would have a successful outcome. The following are problem solving activities that help students at an early stage in their math learning journey. Once they become comfortable with using different methods to solve problems, they can focus on actually trying to do the work. 1. Finger Addition: This activity is simple and fun. Students can use it and don’t have to worry about not been able to write or getting confused. Finger counting has been around for years, however, some teachers have not practice it because it looksShow MoreRelatedProcedural Lessons: Children and Mathematics1460 Words   |  6 PagesMathematics has become a very large part of society today. From the moment children learn the basic principles of math to the day those children become working members of society, everyone has used mathematics at one point in their life. The crucial time for learning mathematics is during the childhood years when the concepts and principles of mathematics can be processed more easily. However, this time in life is also when the point in a person’s life where information has to be broken down to theRead MoreThe Classroom, Stereotypes About Mathematics Abound1576 Words   |  7 Pagesmathematics abound. â€Å"Boys are better at math than girls† or â€Å"most people are not that good at math; therefore it is no big deal if I am not† are just a few of the common attitudes that teachers must be aware of and combat as to not allow them to become self-fulfilling prophecies for their students. BLA BLA BLA THIS IS INTRO HERE Mathematical Foundations It is imperative that learners have a rich understanding of numerical concepts. Many of the later math disciplines and skills that students willRead MoreElementary Methods : Teaching Mathematics5785 Words   |  24 PagesElementary Methods Unit 4: Teaching Mathematics Summary: With the implementation of Common Core, there is a misconception that students are learning ?new math.? However, students are not learning new concepts, just a new way of thinking about those concepts. In this unit, you will explore some effective instructional strategies and approaches to teaching students, way to get them to think mathematically, how to bridge the gap between concrete and abstract and incorporate technology to allow forRead MoreInstructional Sequence Is Useful For Teachers Of Secondary Mathematics Learners1485 Words   |  6 Pagesrepresentational-abstract (or CRA), is a strategy for teaching that benefits struggling students in many ways. Mathematics is a daunting subject to many secondary learners and it is common for students to struggle in math classes. Moreover, this subject may come especially difficult for students who have a learning disability. For this reason, teachers need to be able to adapt their teaching to reach all students and must have knowledge of many different and effective teaching strategies. General instructional sequenceRead MoreEssay About A Lesson701 Words   |  3 Pagespriorities outlined in the Australian Curriculum. Furthermore, the report explores three best teaching practices commonly used in the classroom and examines the benefits to students learning. Finally, a detailed lesson outline will be created. The first lesson (Christie) observes Christie Kawalsky at Saint Albans East Primary School teaching fractions to a Year 3/4 class (Australian Institute for Teaching and School Leadership [AITSL] (Producer), n.d.-a). Christie demonstrates how teachers use concreteRead MoreEssay on Important Aspects of Teaching Mathematics1429 Words   |  6 PagesTeaching mathematics has evolved from the traditional instrumentalist view where the focus is on knowledge mathematical facts, rules and methods as independent concepts, to the more contemporary constructivist approach which focuses on building on prior knowledge and experiences incorporating mathematical facts, rules and methods to problem solve and investigate new mathematical concepts. This will in turn, enable students to apply concepts in real life situations. Teaching thematically is an approachRead MoreMathematical Problem Solving And English Language Learners2026 Words   |  9 PagesInto This literature synthesis focuses on mathematical problem solving and English language learners. In the United States public schools, the student population of ELLs is over five million students in grades Kindergarten through twelfth grade (Orosco, Swanson, O’Connor Lussier 2011). Many different factors apply to the challenges English language learners have in an English proficient classroom. Educators have made misconceptions that mathematics is a culturally fair-minded subject becauseRead MoreNctm Worksheet Essay672 Words   |  3 Pagescurriculum. | | | | | |3 |Teaching |To be an efficient teacher, you must be able to understand now only what the students know, but what they need to learn. A successful teacher must be able to challenge | | | |the student while supporting them throughRead More Math Research Paper1452 Words   |  6 PagesMath Research Paper Since the 1980’s calculator use in the classroom has been a huge controversy between educators (Golden, 2000). It is becoming increasingly common to use calculators in the classroom on a regular basis. Some states allow students to use calculators on standardized tests and as part of the regular curriculum (Dion, 2001). Because we live in such a technologically changing world, hand held calculators have been far surpassed and can be purchased for as low as $4.00 each. ThisRead MoreMath Class At The United States1756 Words   |  8 PagesThe math class meets Monday through Friday from 12:30 pm - 2:00 pm. I did not have any prior direct experience in the math classroom, so this was relatively a new learning experience. Having done my schooling in Bangladesh, I have always wondered about the teaching process and the different instructional strategies of learning math in the United States. As I observed this particular math class as a part of my assignment, I not only had a great time but I had a better understanding of how math class

Establish and Conduct Business Relationship

Question: Discuss about the Establish and Conduct Business Relationship. Answer: Introduction: The funeral parlours is sometimes also known as the mortuary. The main function of the funeral parlous is to provide proper funeral services to the dead and its family member (Biong et al., 2015). The funeral homes provide service as per the wish of the family members of the dead. It has been found that the size of the parlous is not fit for the majority of the people. The size of the parlor is so small that even all the family members are unable to attend the funeral ceremony. On the other hand, it has been also seen that the parking is area is also very short and in the whole area there is no lights. Most of the old people face problem to walk in the dark areas. In the parking space, there are no guards or cameras to look and monitor the parking area. There is no protection for the visitors in the funeral parlour. Even the sign borders of that area are not properly arranged and moreover it becomes difficult for the people to understand it. Most of the visitors get confused to go in which way. The management is not at all serious about the service level, which they particularly deliver to the visitors in the funeral parlour. Organization: In every business organization communication plays the most important role (Bryman Bell, 2015). In most of the funeral parlous, it has been found that there is huge communication gap in between the staffs and its members. Due to the communication gap, the funeral parlour members are unable to provide proper services to the dead and its family members. The main responsibility of the funeral parlour member is to meet the exact requirements of the visitors. The whole working and operating system is not at all well organized. In order to run a business organization, it is mandatory to have sufficient staff members. The main responsibility of the staffs is to overall manage all activities in the funeral parlour (Claycomb Martin, 2013). Additionally, it has been also seen that there is not enough staff members. Therefore, it becomes quite difficult for the staff to manage time in a proper way. Due to ineffective time management, the staffs and the other members are unable to deliver proper services to the visitors. Wilson, (2014) commented that there is no supervisory to look after the overall management and the staffs. In the moutary, there are no such sitting arrangements for the family members of the dead. It becomes much difficult for the visitors to stand for the whole day and manage the funeral party. Additionally, inside the parlour there is no such space to enhance the sitting arrangement for the visitors. Food: The service level of the funeral parlour is very poor. The staffs and its members are unable to provide quality services to the family member of the dead. The food that the staff members cook is not at all hygienic. On the other hand, the quality of the food is also not that much satisfactory. Moreover, the members do not cook the food properly. Most of the family members of the dead complained that the staffs and the members not even properly serve the cooked food to the family members. Overall, the service quality and the functioning of the management are very poor. The food is not hygienic, as it is not cooked at proper temperature. The staff and the other members are so inefficient that they are not even able to distribute the food in a proper way. This somehow directly creates a wrong impression on the image of the funeral parlour among the clients. Future plan: It becomes quite difficult for the business owner to run the business, if they are unable to provide quality services to the visitors. In order to develop the overall service level and the functioning of the management, all the members and the staffs need to take effective responsibilities. At very first the funeral parlour management needs to change the security system as well as the parking areas. Moreover, the staffs need to focus on the organizational plans and work according to it. On the other hand, the staffs also need to build good relationship with the members who are attending the funeral ceremony. In order to enhance the level of services, the staffs and the other members need to deliver hygienic food for the family members (Mortensen, 2012). As per the new contract, the funeral parlour management is trying to provide good quality services to the family members of the dead. Through proper negotiation, the funeral parlour is mainly trying to develop the level of services to the visitors. This will additionally, help the parlour to maintain their image among the visitors. Association: The main objective of the funeral parlour is to deliver productive services to the individuals who are actually availing our services (Myers, 2013). Every year the funeral parlour creates almost 300,000dinners for the visitors. The value of the full dinner begins from $7.50. The working capacity of the staffs and the other respective members is very less. Due to this particular reason, they are unable to manage and balance all the activities and operation in the funeral parlour. There are some more complains about the utilization of correspondence ability it issues in view of less organized and additionally absence of our obligation. In this case, it has been found that the staffs are not at all capable of doing the work with efficiently. Contract: Right gear is the most critical in kitchen business, which mainly depends on the measure of the work primarily. All the business organizations are different from each other. Every business organizations have something unique in themselves (Wilkins, Colvard, Lipinsk, 2014). It becomes difficult for the business organization to grab the attention of the customers, if they do not sell something unique to the customers. The main motto of the business organization is to deliver high quality and satisfactory services to the customers (Wilson, 2014). There are several business organizations, which are famous for its service level, for example subways and KFC. Subway is famous for its fresh food. The companies always try to deliver fresh quality food to the customers at reasonable rate (White, 2013). On the other hand, KFC is famous for chicken. The company sells several kinds of chicken dishes to the customers at nominal price. In this case, the particular role of the funeral parlour is to deliver good services to the concerned party. It is the duty of the funeral parlour is to deliver good services, good quality food and other services to the visitors within right time. The funeral parlour also provides morning and afternoon food. It also provides evening tea as well as alcohol. Due to some, complain the contract has been canceled. The funeral parlour management has got several complain from the visitors which cannot be neglected at all. Kitchen: The funeral parlour does not provide proper nourishment to the family members of the dead. The main complain of the visitors is regarding the cooked food. It has been found that the concerned party also complains about the food and its cooking temperature. Most of the visitors have complained the food is being not cooked in appropriate temperature as it actual required. The food quality, which they deliver to the client, is not at all hygienic. The funeral parlour has 20-plate broiler with 10-plate stove. The funeral parlour mainly cooks the food at low temperature. Reference list: Biong, H., Kidwell, R. E., Nygaard, A., Silkoset, R. (2015). Leading by example; Values-based strategy to instill ethical conduct). Bryman, A., Bell, E. (2015).Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. Claycomb, C., Martin, C. L. (2013). Building customer relationships: an inventory of service providers objectives and practices.Journal of Services Marketing. Mortensen, M. H. (2012). Understanding attractiveness in business relationshipsA complete literature review.Industrial Marketing Management,41(8), 1206-1218. Myers, M. D. (2013).Qualitative research in business and management. Sage. Shaw, W. H., Barry, V. (2015).Moral issues in business. Cengage Learning. Stanwick, P., Stanwick, S. D. (2013).Understanding business ethics. Sage. White, J. (2013).U.S. Patent No. 8,613,121. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Wilkins, A. M., Colvard, R., Lipinski, J. (2014). Does your company have this document? All organizations should have an employee code of conduct.Strategic Finance,96(1), 35-40. Wilson, J. (2014).Essentials of business research: A guide to doing your research project. Sage.

Product and Innovation Management of Nokia

Introduction As competition in the markets intensifies and the consumers become increasingly sophisticated and selective in their consumption behaviors, companies have no option than to improve their innovation strategies and management techniques (Duncombe 2006).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Product and Innovation Management of Nokia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Companies are nowadays seeking new ways to enhance the characteristics of their products to make them more appealing to the consumers. The Wall Street Journal reveals that mobile phone companies are some of the major industries that have witnessed remarkable growth in innovation (Gecevska, Chiabert, and Lombardi Cus 2010). As a multinational communications company, Nokia has improved its product innovation and is continually producing products that attract the consumers in the telecommunication industry. With its focus nowadays turned to the manu facturing of smartphones, Nokia has set its aims at ensuring that the company uses modern technologies (Kirshin 2014). This paper examines the market performance of the Nokia Lumia smartphones and explains the reasons for their outstanding performance. Overview of Nokia Lumia Smartphones One of the technological wonders that surprised the consumers of the 21st century was the integration of hi-tech operating systems into the mobile phones (Cagan Vogel 2002).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More After being superior in the business of computer technology for quite sometime, Microsoft Corporation collaborated with Nokia Corporation and entered the smartphone market (Anwar 2014). Nokia Corporation managed to introduce a new form of mobile technology that uses Windows 8.1 operating system rather than Android. Smartphones, being the trend and the most popular among communication tech nologies, have spurred a new wave of anxiety among the majority of the youngsters, which means investing in them is a worthy idea nowadays. Since 2013, Nokia Corporation has been radical in its innovation that has resulted in the development of the Nokia Lumia 435, Nokia Lumia 730, Nokia Lumia 535, Nokia Lumia 620, Nokia Lumia 830, Nokia Lumia 520, and now the Nokia Lumia 920. Smartphones are small laptops that people have found reliable and convenient in their communication, use, and maintenance (Grieves 2009). What makes the Lumia smartphones amazing is that they offer a new platform that includes the use of the innovated Windows operating system. Nokia and Microsoft experts have integrated mobile firmware that allows handset users to install and uninstall Windows mobile apps, access the Internet with ease, and surf there with the fastest speed (Kirshin 2014). The Nokia Lumia smartphones come in varieties of different colors, and consumers can choose the color they prefer, within the available range of colors.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Product and Innovation Management of Nokia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The powerful high definition front and back cameras allow the smartphone users to take photos of their colleagues, or take personal photos, which they can use for their social media activities (Hussein 2012). Global technological reports claim that Nokia Lumia smartphones are increasingly becoming popular and steadily dominate the Asian, African, and American markets. The Theory of Diffusion of Innovation Innovation is a realistic subject that began reshaping in its practice and literature back in the 1960s, when industrialization became a significant growth aspect for the modern towns (Bernard Tichkiewitch 2008). Towards the end of the 1960s, E.M. Rogers came up with an innovation theory known as the diffusion of innovation model. Born by a father who loved electromechanica l innovations, E.M Rogers got interested in understanding the process of the diffusion of innovation (Chigona Licker 2008). In 1962, Rogers published the theory of Diffusion of Innovation that had changed the modern perceptions about innovations. In his view, Rogers claims that there are five main categories of innovation adopters, as the process is pragmatic and with various sections of transformation (Webb 2000). Rogers presumes that in an innovation process, there are five major categories of adopters, which include innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority, and the laggards. The five main categories of adopters have unique definitions that are relative to their innovation roles. According to Rogers, innovators are the kind of people who initiate the innovation idea and invest in it regardless of its risky factors and other preliminary problems.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The early adopters are a group of people that represent the opinion leaders (Molla Licker 2005). These kinds of adopters often enjoy associating with leadership roles and embracing change opportunities. The third group of the adopters is the group of early majority, which is the group of people that needs to see substantial evidence that the innovation is really working for them to venture into the business of adopting or working with it (Chigona Licker 2008). The fourth group of people is the late majority, who are the kind of persons, skeptical about an innovative change and trying the innovation only when the majority population have tested it (Stark 2004). The last group of the adopters is the laggards group of individuals who are naturally conservative people. Unless highly persuaded, laggards can hardly adopt an innovation. With regard to such theoretical assumptions, most of the users of Windows handsets across the world have had their own opinions concerning the three mobi le phone operating systems (Rigby 2014). When Microsoft and Nokia merged efforts to produce the Nokia Lumia handsets, the first impression was that Microsoft was trying to regain its lost market dominance in the telecommunication industry (Rigby 2014). Nevertheless, the company has been very resilient about the criticisms that the two companies have failed to produce innovative smartphone designs that will influence the international mobile consumption trends. When they first announced their debut in 2011, after successful market trials, consumers had already familiarized with Android phones as well as iPhones (Rigby 2014). Creating a plan to enter the competitive market was a challenge for the investors of the Nokia Lumia smartphones. The initial process of venturing into these Windows mobile phones was tiring and challenging for these creative investors. While figuring out the billions of money that the companies were to invest and the amount that was to come as returns, the inves tors understood that there would be early adopters, the early majority consumers, the late majority consumers, and the laggards (Rigby 2014). To beat the market odds and maneuver with a new brand of smartphones, the Nokia Corporation and the Microsoft Corporation designed a strategic production and marketing strategy that has supported their continual survival in the handset business. The companies understood the need to incorporate the 4Ps marketing mix strategy to increase their market share and product revenues in the presence of the established Android smartphones and Apple iPhones. To provide an all-round strategic move, the Nokia Corporation and the Microsoft Company focused on the 4Ps (Von 2003). The 4Ps that formed the aims of production were the Product (Nokia Lumia smartphone), the Price (low pricing), the Promotion (strategic marketing), and the Place of distribution. With the 4Ps as their marketing strategy, high technological innovation and unique and user-friendly smar tphone design are some of the product development initiatives that Nokia Lumia began adopting. The pricing strategy of Nokia Lumia delved on the low pricing technique to win the business partners and new groups of consumers (Anwar 2014). Low pricing meant that the investors would sell more and earn low but regular profits. As their places of distribution, the Nokia Lumia marketers began targeting the most populated nations, such as China, Russia, and most of the Sub-Saharan Africa regions. These regions form the group of developing nations. These developing nations have a lot of late majority and the laggards groups of consumers and investors (Cooper Edgett 2009). These groups of people may have been skeptical about Androids and iPhones because Androids were relatively new and iPhones were extremely expensive. Such strategies have made Nokia Lumia suceed. The Current Market Performance of the Nokia Lumia Smartphones Nokia Corporation has generally been successful in the handset bus iness. In 2006, Nokia generated an income that for the first time in Finland’s history, seemed to be excess. Based on the assessment report of the Wall Street Journal, which is the leading business and innovation magazine, Nokia Lumia has been performing incredibly well as the demand for smartphones increases. In this $7.2 billion deal, Microsoft and Nokia Corporations have been ripping some extensive profits from the manufacturing and distribution of the Lumia windows smartphones (Fakhrutdinova, Fakhrutdinova, Kolesnikova, Yurieva 2015). The Nokia Lumia smartphones targeted the American smartphone markets, the Asian smartphone markets, and the African smartphone markets, which had been growing rapidly over the past five years (Fakhrutdinova et al. 2015). In a 2013 report about business innovation, it has appeared that Nokia possesses approximately 40% market dominance, with the Lumia smartphones contributing to about 16% in the increase of its market share. Perhaps, what re mains unknown to most of the consumers is that the Nokia Lumia phones have been increasing their market reputation in a steady process. The estimated profit returns are slowly regaining momentum and the process of dominating the major markets is on a gradual development (Fakhrutdinova et al 2015). Just before the end of two years after its launch, Microsoft’s quarterly financial report revealed that the Nokia Lumia smartphones had generated about $23.20 billion worth of profit. In the subsequent year on 23 August 2014, Microsoft announced a growth of its profit margin to approximately 26.5 billion, which was a 10% increase in the net profits (Fakhrutdinova et al 2015). In a separate financial report that Nokia released independently on 24 Oct 2014, Nokia Lumia smartphones had a sales record of $9.3 billion, even though the overall sales for Nokia phones had decreased by 14%. These statistics indicate an incredible performance of the Nokia Lumia smartphones. The above statisti cal facts stress the essence of the Nokia-Microsoft partnership in the smartphone business. It is important to consider that although majority of the ordinary consumers may not have the overall knowledge on how the Nokia Lumia smartphones have spurred a unique competition in the world of smartphones; the performance of the smartphone is incredible (Rigby 2014). The Nokia Lumia smartphones have blended well with the creatively designed windows-operating systems. The major sectors that may have caused an incredible market performance that has come within the shortest period of the investment are the management sectors, the production sectors, and the marketing departments (Fakhrutdinova et al 2015). The three sectors were important in the product development and distribution because there was innovation in the management, innovation in the production, and innovation in the marketing departments. The ability of Nokia and Microsoft to provide an enabling environment for the existence of the partnership was a noteworthy idea. Reasons for high Performance of Nokia Lumia Smartphones The success or failure of a certain tech product relies on several aspects of production, management, and marketing (Eisenhardt Martin 2000). With the changing market demands, the complex consumer behaviors, and the increasing market competition, the performance of technological products has to rely on the stability of the management, the suaveness of the marketers, and the design of the products (Garcia Calantone 2002). Core innovation strengths, strategic management techniques, and efficient marketing skills are some of the major performance determinants that determine the performance of tech products (De Wit Meyer 2010). Since its debut into the smartphone business in 2011, Nokia Corporation has developed several strategic moves to enable the telephone products to maneuver in the smartphone market. To make a sensational market dominance, the Nokia Corporation has enabled a smart str ategy that entails the strategic use of mobile designing technologies, the strategic planning of the management systems, and the strategic development of the marketing techniques that match the market demands. Innovation in the Product Designing An important factor that makes a mobile phone worthy and appealing to the modern consumers, who are nowadays very knowledgeable, is the techniques used in designing the phones (Eisenhardt Martin 2000). The innovation that Nokia Corporation has used in manufacturing of the Nokia Lumia smartphones is exceptional and outstanding. Nokia Lumia smartphones use the famous windows operating systems, although mostly the windows 8 operating system that has numerous tech features that are appealing to the phone users (Fakhrutdinova et al 2015). Although windows 8 operating system initially recorded a diminutive market performance in the computer technology, the operating system has boosted the selling of the Nokia Lumia smartphones. Nokia Lumia phones are 3G and 4G compatible, have powerful photo-sharing capabilities, and have features that enhance social media communication (Carlson, Walden Bowman 2006). Nokia Corporation collaborated with Google and Skype to allow consumers to enhance their access to social media communication in the Lumia smartphones. Nokia also collaborated with Yahoo Corporation to allow photo sharing through their Flicker service. Innovation in the Marketing Strategies The marketing technique of companies is one of the foremost determinants of the market performance for any new product that is seeking a quick market penetration (Roman 2003). Since the Nokia Corporation ventured into the smartphone business, the company designed radical marketing strategies that supported a market growth for the Nokia Lumia smartphones. Nokia Corporation designed a strategic market penetration approach that dwelled on the modern advertising platforms to maneuver (Grieves 2009). As Anwar (2014) claims, the company used the advantage of the growing influence of the digital televisions, the social media platforms, and the unique printed media. Concerning the strategic use of social media, Nokia Corporation implemented attractive mobile photos, effective product description techniques, and an easy communication to attract consumers in Facebook, Twitter, and MySpace (Anwar 2014). The Microsoft-Nokia alliance opened an online marketing website, attractive facebook pages, and several tweeting platforms that constantly updated the users about the new Lumia arrivals. Digital televisions also played a vital role in advertising Lumia Smartphones. Innovation in the Pricing of the Phones One of the elements that can make a product in the telecommunication industry to permeate into the market and gain an incredible performance is the idea of strategic pricing (Bailur 2006). While launching the Microsoft-Nokia partnership of manufacturing and distributing the Nokia Lumia smartphones, Nokia Corporation knew the esse nce of using a strategic pricing plan that would enable an easy market penetration. When Nokia merged with Microsoft to develop the Lumia smartphones, the companies agreed on the high-production, low-pricing strategy as their market entry strategy (Anwar 2014). To compete effectively with the Iphone and the android smartphones, Nokia Corporation endorsed a marketing strategy that concentrated with the low-pricing approach. Even for the first-time buyers who admired the smartphones, Nokia sold its Nokia Lumia phones at as low as $200 (Rigby 2014). The focus of Nokia Corporation concerning the pricing of the Nokia Lumia smartphones has been persistent with the issues of regional assessment of the markets and production of affordable smartphones. Proper Financing of the Product Financial stability of a company in the marketing and promotion of a recently launched product is a crucial success factor that determines the performance of a product (Gorski 2003). When Nokia ventured into the business of manufacturing and distributing smartphones, the partnership deal with Microsoft considered the essence of financial stability in the production process. Since the year 2013, Microsoft has been offering Nokia with financial backing to support the mass production of cheap smartphones (Hussein 2012). Such an innovative financial strategy assisted the Nokia Corporation to regain market momentum within the large markets like China, Russia, and America. Recently, Microsoft Company has produced an extra of 2.3 billion to support Nokia Corporation to develop low-end Nokia Lumia smartphones (Anwar 2014). Despite Iphones and Androids having significant market dominance, adequate financing of the Nokia Lumia project has made the Nokia Corporation to expand their market share in Africa, Asia, and parts of America. Innovation in the Service Sector Nokia, being a leading brand in the telecommunication industry, understood the need to improve the customer service while marketing its N okia Lumia smartphones across the nations. According to Fakhrutdinova et al. (2015), the first service innovation that Nokia thought was essential, was the incorporation of the physical customer care services where consumers could send complaints about the phones, receive an instant assistance on technical problems, and fix the problems associated with the windows mobile-phone operating systems. In each of the countries that Nokia invested in the marketing of its smartphone products, there were strategic physical offices that consumers could send inquiries concerning the operations of the phones and the challenges that pertained to the performance of the Lumia smartphones (Fakhrutdinova et al. 2015). Although the Nokia Lumia smartphones needed the physical offices from the Nokia Corporation to enhance their customer care, the phones already had user-friendly interfaces that supported easy phone operations. Such strategic moves made Nokia to perform incredibly fair in the competitive smartphone market. Innovation in the Management Sector One of the important factors that support radical innovation is an efficient strategic management (Aspara, Lamberg, Laukia, Tikkanen 2011). The theory of Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) states that when innovation is in progress, there is a group of people known as the innovators (Hofstede 2003). In Nokia Corporation and Microsoft Corporation, leaders were the innovators who were venturesome, opinionated, skilful and with creative ideas (Fakhrutdinova et al. 2015). Most of the leaders from the Microsoft team and from the Nokia Corporation were sure about their dedication and risk taking approaches towards the improvement of the Nokia Lumia ideas. The two companies found the best innovators who could strategically incorporate the features of windows 8 in the mobile phones (Sell, Mezei Walden 2014). The leaders also knew the importance of collaborating with giant Internet companies, such as Google and Yahoo, to incorporate their best features in the mobile phones. The leaders motivated aggressive research and development strategies that supported in the marketing of the phones. Conclusion The assumptions of Rogers concerning the Diffusion of Innovation are paramount in understanding the concepts of product development and management. The five forms of innovation adopters help companies design strategic marketing plans. Product innovation and management are two aspects of the commercial world that continue to pose concerns for the surviving businesses. The mobile phone industry is one of the principle sectors where innovation seems to influence product marketing, distribution, and performance. With a special attention given to the phones that come with computerized operating systems, innovation seems to affect the presence and performance of the modern smartphones. Nokia Lumia smartphones emerged through a partnership deal between Microsoft and Nokia Corporations. Despite the dominance of the Android smartph ones and the Apple smartphones, the windows-based Nokia Lumia smartphones are increasingly gaining prominence. This occurs because the two partners focused on understanding the 4Ps of marketing. Innovations in the product marketing, product pricing, and product management have been fantastic. References Anwar, M 2014, ‘Voice of Editors: Rationale to the Crisis of Nokia Smartphone Portfolio’, International Journal of Management, Economics and Social Sciences, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 122-124. Aspara, J, Lamberg, J, Laukia, A and Tikkanen, H 2011, ‘Strategic Management of business model transformation lessons from Nokia’, Management Decision, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 622-647. Bailur, S 2006, ‘Using stakeholder theory to analyze Telecenter projects’, Information Technologies and International Development, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 61–80. Bernard, A Tichkiewitch, S 2008, Design of Sustainable Product Life Cycles, Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Cagan, J Vogel, C 2 002, Creating Breakthrough Products: Innovation from Product Planning to Program Approval, FT Press, New York. Carlson, C, Walden, P Bowman, H 2006, ‘Adoption of 3G+ services in Finland’, Journal of Mobile Commerce, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 369-385. Chigona, W Licker, P 2008, ‘Using Diffusion of Innovations Framework to Explain Communal Computing Facilities Adoption among the Urban Poor’, Information Technologies and International Development, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 53-73. Cooper, R Edgett, S 2009, Product Innovation, and Technology Strategy, Stage-Gate International, London. De Wit, B Meyer, R 2010, Strategy Synthesis: Resolving strategy paradoxes to create competitive advantage, Cengage Learning EMEA, Andover. Duncombe, R 2006, ‘Using the livelihoods framework to analyze ICT applications for poverty reduction through microenterprise’, Information Technologies and International Development, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 81–100. Eisenhardt, K Martin, J (2000). Dynamic Capabilities: What are they?. Strategic Management Journal, vol. 21, no. 10, pp. 1105-1121. Fakhrutdinova, E, Fakhrutdinova, R, Kolesnikova, J Yurieva, O 2015, ‘New Start of Nokia’, Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 61-66. Garcia, R Calantone, R 2002, ‘A critical look at technological innovation typology and innovativeness terminology: a literature review’, The Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 110-132. Gecevska, V, Chiabert, P, Lombardi, F Cus, F 2010, ‘Product lifecycle management through innovative and competitive business environment’, Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 323-336. Gorski, P 2003, The Disciplinary Revolution: Calvinism and the Rise of the State in Modern Europe. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. Grieves, M 2009, PLM: Driving the Next Generation of Lean Thinking, New York: McGraw-Hill. Hofstede, 2003, Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations Across Nations, Sage Publications, Newbury Park, CA. Hussein, M 2012, ‘Open innovation Mill: Utilization of Nokia’s Non-Core ideas’, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, vol. 58, no.3, pp. 765-773. Kirshin I 2014, ‘Modeling the long-term trend of accumulation of knowledge’, Life Science Journal, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 482-486. Molla, A Licker, P 2005, ‘Ecommerce adoption in developing countries: A model and instrument’, Information Management, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 877–899. Rigby, B 2014, Microsoft Sees End to Nokia Losses, https://www.stthomastimesjournal.com/2014/07/23/microsoft-sees-end-to-nokia-losses/wcm/80ae76d0-1f7f-4521-ba73-6402568be1aa Roman, R 2003, ‘Diffusion of innovations as a theoretical framework for Tele-centers’, Information Technologies and International Development, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 55–68. Sell, A, Mezei, J Wald en, P 2014,.’An attitude-based latent class segmentation analysis of mobile phone users’, Telematics Informatics, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 209-220. Stark, J 2004, PLM: 21st century Paradigm for Product Realization, Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Von, E 2005, Democratizing Innovation, MA: MIT Press Cambridge, London. Webb, A 2000, Project Management for Successful Product Innovation, Gower Publishing, New York. This essay on Product and Innovation Management of Nokia was written and submitted by user Enzo O. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

buy custom Continuum of Healthcare essay

buy custom Continuum of Healthcare essay Health care involves systems that are progressive in nature. This is especially in promotion of the well being of patients both physically and mentally. When an intervention is done early, it reduces chances of having critical service provision and hence makes their functions easy. In addition, cost to be incurred in offering these services is minimized. There are eight stages upon which Health Care Continuum goes through. These include the following: the first stage involves revisiting the overall missions and goals that have been set as well as the objectives (Deffenbaugh, 1994). It involves the use of the box that is best suited. This serves as the reality check and paves ways for the completion of the second and third step. Setting the right missions, goals and objectives helps in advancing other stages. The second stage involves the process of identifying the core programs that are vital in the health care. In every stage in provision of continuum health care, it is important to have a list of vital services as well as programs that are suitable to be applied in every other stage (Callahan, (2000). For instance, the list may include all the affairs concerning the health care. Moreover, there is possibility of occurrence of other forms of risks that are related to health care. Thus, for effective intervention of any risk, it is important to have appraisal programs. Core objectives are essential as they are responsible in spanning the continuum process. Other initiates such as self care can help in provision of information to be considered in supporting and providing any form of intervention that may be required. In addition, medical care may be provided personally and help in making critical decisions affecting oneself. For example, people suffering from chronic diseases may benefit from this course and in managing their conditions more effectively. The third stage involves the process ofidentifying the organizational as well other benefits that employees may find as vital and supporting. This includes covering the preventive health care type of initiatives such as screening. Others include process of precertification in order to review certain organizational procedures (Deffenbaugh, 1994). The organization should also be in a position to provide incentives to ensure that people are able to comply with the programs. The fourth stage, involves estimation of the costs that are involved in programming and other forms of utilities. Therefore, in this stage, the total costs that are incurred in provision of health care services determined. This also entails the cost that every employee gets. On the same, there self insurance may be important to consider. The organization is hence able to determine its total expenditures in every continuum stage that is covered (Callahan, 2000). Some of the major charges include the ambulatory visits that are medically oriented, employees who have been hospitalized, the surgery costs, costs incurred on life insurance of the employees among other medical costs. The fifth stage involves assessing the status or the condition of the organization. This involves reviewing the programs that are within the continuum type of format being used. In this stage, missions, objectives and goals are reviewed. Their strengths and weakness are hence analyzed. The possibility of integrating the programs as the organization moves across the continuum is hence reviewed. In provision of these services, there is a possibility of occurrence of a particular gap. Therefore, this stage targets to come up with a solution to meet the needs within the organization. In order to enhance the support and responsibilities, real gaps and other related functions are put into focus. In case, there are gaps in the system, they are reviewed in order to provide more improved services. The outtcomes of the programs in place and mode of services delivery is also important to consider at this stage. The sixth stage in health care continuum involves addressing the several options that are available in the program. A thorough analysis is conducted to come up with proper initiatives that service the recommended needs of the organization. For instance, there might be several gaps that present themselves within the appraisal of the health care risk; this stage will be used to find another option to be used to solve this mystery. Comparisons between several programs options is also done to determine the most appropriate. Some of the major comparisons entails participants involves, the styles being used as well as the telephone lifestyle among other programs that might be in force. The seventh stage in the provision of health care continuum involves process of justification, planning and implementation. In this case, the analyses that have been arrived at are put on scale (Callahan, 2000). This helps in planning the implementation of the programs as well as budgeting to make the expenditures more reflective. Methods to implement the approved programs are also determined. The last stage involves laying out the analysis. This helps in fine tuning of the programs within the organization. In addition, it helps in application of major forms of intervention measures. A care seeker is able to move from one stage to another more easily. This is because, continuum involves a continuous process. There are laid strategies or stages that enable a health care seeker to move continuously from one stage to the next. Often, health care continuum presents a systematic process through which a care seeker can easily move from one stage to another. Therefore, a care seeker needs to present his or her case to the management. This will enable his in the movement throughout the different stages involved. Buy custom Continuum of Healthcare essay

An Ultimatum IS Final

An Ultimatum IS Final An Ultimatum IS â€Å"Final† An Ultimatum IS â€Å"Final† By Maeve Maddox The noun ultimatum is one of those words that needs no modifiers. ultimatum: In diplomacy, the final terms presented by one power (or group of powers) to another, the rejection of which may lead to the severing of diplomatic relations, and eventually to a declaration of war. OED For ordinary people (i.e., non-diplomats), the word means a final condition or stipulation; ones last word on a matter. So why do so many writers insist on modifying this strong noun with the adjective â€Å"final†? Burger King gives final ultimatum to Aguilar Scott issues the Hood a final ultimatum; stop or be shot at. JEDDAH, November 23: Al-Ahly of Jeddah have officially issued a final ultimatum to manager Argentinian Edgardo Bauza After a string of wrists slaps and threats, toxin-lovin Babyshambles rocker Pete Doherty has been issued a final ultimatum from a London Judge: If he does not show the motivation in four weeks, it will be prison Either an ultimatum is ultimate or it isn’t. If a woman’s ultimatum to her boyfriend is, â€Å"Sober up or lose me,† then she can’t take him back if he fails to sober up. If she does, then she hasn’t issued an ultimatum. At most, she’s made an empty threat. â€Å"Final ultimatum† makes as much sense as â€Å"very unique.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Idioms About TalkingBest Websites to Learn English45 Idioms About the Number One

How Sensory Impairments Affect Gross and Fine Motor Skills in Children Essay

How Sensory Impairments Affect Gross and Fine Motor Skills in Children with Multi-sensory Impairments - Essay Example ess and improve his learning will be discussed at length along with a comprehensive reasoning behind the choices made and their effectiveness when implemented. My role in relation to this project was chiefly concerned with observing and working with a pupil. It was important to collaborate with the physiotherapist, the occupational therapist, and the support staff as they provided additional information about the pupil. It was also very fortunate that my colleagues fully supported this project and wanted to find a way to improve the learning opportunities of the pupil. The aim of this assessment was to facilitate teaching strategies and activities that would improve his movement experience within the learning environment. I wanted my pupil to develop a greater sense of autonomy in terms of what he could achieve with the support of adults, and what he could achieve independently. The implication of sensory impairments on child’s motor development: â€Å"Movement is a feature o f all man’s activities. Through the movement of our bodies we can learn to relate the inner-self to the outer world† - Laban, 1948:13 A typical infant follows a known developmental progression that starts at birth. As the infant grows and his central nervous system matures, the gross motor skills develop in a head to foot progression (Gesell, 1940). The gross motor skills occur in a typical sequence. However, these skills can only develop as the infant also develops balance, coordination and the postural control needed to move his body in space (Shumway-Cook & Woollacott, 1985). An infant's desire to reach out and explore his surroundings is the primary motivator that eventually leads to gross motor development. When an infant's sensory systems (e.g. visual, auditory, tactile, motor, etc.) are... This report approves that children initiate independent movement and exploration because of what they see and hear. They observe the movement of others and learn to imitate them. In the case of the blind / visually impairment child, the primary mode of obtaining information is unreliable, so the child would likely utilize other means of gaining information that can be formulated into other sensory concepts. Hearing is the only distance sense available to the blind / visually impaired infant. Unfortunately, even with input from the hearing and other senses, there is no guarantee that the information would have meaning to the child. Sensory input that is absent has a cumulative effect on the interpretation of the blind / visually impaired child. The child also has no control over the presence or absence of sound in the environment. This essay makes a conclusion that this assignment was initiated by a description of his growing interest in this subject. It then proceeded to discuss the importance of movement on individual development and the effects of sensory impairment on the movement skills development of Pupil Z. His aim was to observe Pupil Z and based on his findings, the author have come up with strategies which could be used to support the pupil in his learning. Through collaborations and a number of observations he planned, carried out, and evaluated with Pupil Z, key issues arose- how to organise Pupil Z within the physical environment in line with school policies and procedures, how to ensure the health and physical well-being of pupil and the staff supporting him.

See order instructions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

See order instructions - Essay Example Within Delaware, alimony is usually not granted in marriages of less than a decade. In Kansas, spousal support awards cannot exceed 10 years. In Utah, on the other hand, the duration of spousal support cannot go beyond the duration of the marriage (Bureau of the Census 5). In Mississippi, Maine, as well as Tennessee, alimony is granted in civil unions or marriages of one to two decades and the length is half the duration of the marriage barring explanatory circumstances. Other states, such as California, Massachusetts, Nevada, as well as New York, offer relatively blurred statutes, which only list the "factors" judges are supposed to consider when deciding alimony. These factors include: gender of the recipient, as well as health of the parties. According to gender, females are more likely to be offered alimony than males as, historically, males made more earnings than females. Poor health also goes towards the need (Bureau of the Census 3). Poor health is a potential sign of incapacity to sustain oneself. Hence, the courts do not desire to leave one party impoverished. Other factors are also relative income of the parties, age of the spouses at the time of break up, and future financial prospects of the spouses. According to relative income, both parties have the right to live according the life they were habituated. Also, with regards to age, a youthful couple will get short periods of alimony since they still have a chance to rebuild their

Specific airline Essay Example for Free

Specific airline Essay Evalute why the low cost carrier are so successful? Use specific airline industry examples to illustrate yor answers. low cost carriers are discount carriers which offer low transport fares for passenger services. Until the emergence of deregulation of the airline sector, the success of this type of airline was restricted to the United States. however, this particular lucrative concept of airline business now holds sway in Europe, Asia, America and other parts of the world. this tye of business is run on low cost; it also offers affordable low cost ticket prices. Low cost carriers in the airline industry have contributed a great deal to improved service delivery at convenient and reduced prices in the industry. this type of airline carriers can be local[transporting within a defined region or country] or transnational [operates beyond national boundaries]. their tickets are affordable by all. They also offer a variety of low cost services on the plane because of the nature of their services, they intrinsincaly attract the middle and low income earners who form a major bulk of the population. It is important to state that the pricing mechanism also differs in terms of discounts and exacts fares among this type of carriers. Apart from these pricing and operating mechanisms, some may adopt a simplified route mechanism to less-congested and more satisfying locations with perceived higher patronage; others could opt for simplified luggage, employee or fueling mechanism. the goal in each case is to reduce cost of service and offer good but affordable services. The success of this type of industry is here illustrated by the Southwest airlines, based in United States. It has been in existsnce in 1973, and has since enjoyed effective customer patronage, lucrative returns and comfortable service. Other cariers include easy-jet[UK], Ryanair[IRELAND] and Virgin blue[AUSTRALIA]. The Southwest airline is one of the largest low-cost carriers in the world, and is acclaimed the largest low income carrier in the United states; based in Dallas Texas. One of the most important mechanisms that have contributed to the success of this ariline is its unique ability to hedge fuel prices through profit-motivated trading in energy prices based on speculations about fuel prices. The aim is to reduce the expenditure while maintaining quality supply from reputable suppliers. It has also developed mechanism which encourage fuel efficiency particularly the jet engine pressure washer. It flies slightly over 60 destinations in the United States although it has plans to expand its target locations. Its corporate culture includes flexibility, which allows passenges change their seat reservations without charges. it also operates a unique passenger allocation to boarding groups which makes it faster to board the plane. The essence of this is that is offers great customer services which makes it rank among one of the best customer service providers in the airline industry; its welcome announcements and songs are warm, the in-flight service of meals and package of luggage have earned the airline a place in the heart of most passengers. their flexibility in pricing constitutes a risk to full-service airlines; as a result, they enjoy better patronage because thier services are cheaper. Beyond these, it also has excellent environmental protection records with respect to waste disposal.

Inner and outer beauty in Dorian Gray Essay examples -- essays researc

The term ‘beauty’ may have very relative significance. Something can be beautiful for us, but ugly for other people. The external beauty of a person is often the first thing that we pay attention to. This is the result of the association of beauty with good and ugliness with evil. Through the outer appearance we make a general opinion about a given person. Such a way of thinking may be very misleading. In order to get to know the person we need to look to the inside – into the soul. This is the place where the real beauty and ugliness are hidden. The notion of inner and outer beauty is perfectly presented in the novel ‘The Picture of Dorian Gray’ by Oscar Wilde. The story described in this book shows how the external attractiveness influences people’s behavior and corrupts the inner beauty. The plot situated in the XIX England perfectly describes the higher class of this period. Shallow and two-faced society is concentrated only on the esthetical values of the surrounding. Youth and beauty are the most precious and cultivated things. Even the worst deeds are forgotten if your beauty is extraordinary. The main character, Dorian Gray is an example of a person from a higher class. This twenty-year old and extremely handsome young man is regarded among society as an ideal of beauty. His Physical attractiveness draws the attention of a very talented painter Basil Hallward. He decides to immortalize Dorian’s beauty and paints his portrait. In the meantime Dorian meets cynical nobleman, Lord Henry Wotton. Just like everyone else, Lord Henry is astonished by the prettiness and innocence of Dorian. Henry is a charming talker, and his views concerning beauty are the same as the views of other members of aristocracy. He cherishes it above all considering it as the most important thing in life. The talk with Lord Henry makes Dorian to think about the elapsing of the physical attractiveness. He realizes that some day his charm and youth will disappear and he will not be able to live a careless life anymore. This thought scares him very much especially when he sees the finished portrait, painted by Basil. He makes a whish, which will change his life forever: ‘If it were I who was to be always young and the picture that was to grow old! For that I would give anything! Yes, there is nothing in the world I would not give! I would give my soul for that’ (Chapter 2). Dorian i... ...s primeval looks, showing his magnificent outer beauty. The book is full of allegories and illusions. Even the title has a deeper meaning. The word ‘dorian’ means ‘golden’ in ancient Greek. The linking of two colors: golden and gray perfectly reflects complexity of the main character. Dorian is an example of a Narcissist, a person who is in love with his own look. His glamorous good looks contrasts with the rotten and evil inside. The story shows how shallow people can be while judging others. Another interesting point is the misleading statement that the beauty always comes together with goodness. The painting which serves as a mirror of Dorian’s soul perfectly reflects the inevitably changes in his character, while the beauty of his face is unchanged. No one beliefs in the evil stories about him because of his outstanding outer appearance,’ The Picture of Dorian Gray’ is a timeless story about what is really important in life, namely our inside. Only by knowing our hidden emotions we can re ally judge whether the person is good or bad. Bibliography: Varty,A.(1998).A Preface to Oscar Wilde,Longman,NY Cornish,F.H.;Wilde,Oscar(1993).The Picture of Dorian Gray,Heinemann,Oxford

Business Finance

Multinational Business Finance, 12e (Eiteman, et al) Chapter 1 Globalization and the Multinational Enterprise 1. 1 Globalization and Creating Value in the Multinational Enterprise Multiple Choice 1) Which of the following are critical to a firm trying to reach the top of the â€Å"firm value pyramid†? A) An open market place. B) High quality strategic management. C) Access to capital. D) all of the above Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 1 Globalization and Creating Value in the Multinational Enterprise Skill: Conceptual 2) A well-established, large U.S. -based MNE will probably NOT be able to overcome which of the following obstacles to maximizing firm value? A) An open market place. B) High quality strategic management. C) Access to capital. D) none of the above Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 1 Globalization and Creating Value in the Multinational Enterprise Skill: Recognition 3) A well-established, large China-based MNE will probably be most adversely affected by which of the follow ing elements of firm value? A) An open marketplace. B) High-quality strategic management. C) Access to capital.D) Access to qualified labor pool. Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 1 Globalization and Creating Value in the Multinational Enterprise Skill: Conceptual 4) A well-established, large, Brazil-based MNE will probably be most adversely affected by which of the following elements of firm value? A) An open marketplace. B) High-quality strategic management. C) Access to capital. D) Access to qualified labor pool. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 1 Globalization and Creating Value in the Multinational Enterprise Skill: Conceptual True/False ) Three necessary conditions for a firm to reach the top of the â€Å"firm value pyramid† are an open market place, high quality strategic management, and access to capital. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Topic: 1. 1 Globalization and Creating Value in the Multinational Enterprise Skill: Conceptual 2) Comparative advantage is one of the underlying principles driving the growth of global business. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Topic: 1. 1 Globalization and Creating Value in the Multinational Enterprise Skill: Recognition Essay 1) List and explain three strategic motives why firms become multinationals and give an example of each.Answer: The authors provide 5 strategic motives for firms to become multinationals: market seekers, raw materials seekers, production efficiency seekers, knowledge seekers, and political safety seekers. Market seekers are looking for more consumers for their products such as automobiles or steel. Knowledge seekers may be looking for an educated work force similar to the way firms seeking R and D set up shop in university towns. Raw materials seekers may be after commodities such as oil or copper. Production efficiencies may occur in countries like Mexico that have capable workers and lower wages.Political safety seekers are looking for countries that will not expropriate their assets, so they may stay away from countries that in the post have engaged in such activities. Diff: 3 Topic: 1. 1 Globalization and Creating Value in the Multinational Enterprise Skill: Conceptual 1. 2 The Theory of Comparative Advantage Multiple Choice 1) The theory that suggests specialization by country can increase worldwide production is ________. A) the theory of comparative advantage B) the theory of foreign direct investment C) the international Fisher effect D) the theory of working capital managementAnswer: A Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 2 The Theory of Comparative Advantage Skill: Recognition 2) Which of the following is NOT a reason governments interfere with comparative advantage? A) Governments attempt to achieve full employment. B) Governments promote economic development. C) National self-sufficiency in defense-related industries. D) All are reasons governments interfere with comparative advantage. Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 2 The Theory of Comparative Advantage Skill: Recognition 3) Which of the following factors of p roduction DO NOT flow freely between countries? A) Raw materialsB) Financial capital C) (Non-military) Technology D) All of the above factors of production flow freely among countries. Answer: A Diff: 1 Topic: 1. 2 The Theory of Comparative Advantage Skill: Recognition 4) Which of the following would NOT be a way to implement comparative advantage? A) IBM exports computers to Egypt. B) Computer hardware is designed in the United States but manufactured and assembled in Korea. C) Water of the greatest purity is obtained from wells in Oregon, bottled, and exported worldwide. D) All of the above are examples of ways to implement comparative advantage.Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 2 The Theory of Comparative Advantage Skill: Conceptual 5) Of the following, which would NOT be considered a way that government interferes with comparative advantage? A) Tariffs. B) Managerial skills. C) Quotas. D) Other non-tariff restrictions. Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 2 The Theory of Comparative Advantage Skill: Recognition True/False 1) The theory of comparative advantage owes it origins to Ben Bernanke as described in his book The Wealth of Bankers. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Topic: 1. 2 The Theory of Comparative Advantage Skill: Recognition ) International trade might have approached the comparative advantage model in the 19th century, and it does so even more today. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 2 The Theory of Comparative Advantage Skill: Conceptual 3) Comparative advantage shifts over time as less developed countries become more developed and realize their latent opportunities. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 2 The Theory of Comparative Advantage Skill: Recognition 4) Comparative advantage in the 21st century is based more on services and their cross border facilitation by telecommunications and the Internet.Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Topic: 1. 2 The Theory of Comparative Advantage Skill: Recognition 5) Comparative advantage was once the cornerstone of international trade theory, but tod ay it is archaic, simplistic, and irrelevant for explaining investment choices made by MNEs. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 2 The Theory of Comparative Advantage Skill: Recognition 1. 3 What Is Different about Global Financial Management? Multiple Choice 1) Which of the following domestic financial instruments have NOT been modified for use in international financial management? A) Currency options and futures.B) Interest rate and currency swaps. C) Letters of credit. D) All of the above are domestic financial instruments that have also been modified for use in international financial markets. Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 3 What Is Different about Global Financial Management? Skill: Recognition True/False 1) MNEs must modify finance theories like cost of capital and capital budgeting because of foreign complexities. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 3 What Is Different about Global Financial Management? Skill: Recognition 1. 4 Market Imperfections: A Rationale for the Existence of the Multinational FirmMultiple Choice 1) In determining why a firm becomes multinational there are many reasons. One reason is that the firm is a market seeker. Which of the following is NOT a reason why market seeking firms produce in foreign countries? A) Satisfaction of local demand in the foreign country. B) Satisfaction of local demand in the domestic markets. C) Political safely and small likelihood of government expropriation of assets. D) All of the above are market-seeking activities. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 4 Market Imperfections: A Rationale for the Existence of the Multinational Firm Skill: Recognition ) ________ investments are designed to promote and enhance the growth and profitability of the firm. ________ investments are designed to deny those same opportunities to the firm's competitors. A) Conservative; Aggressive B) Defensive; Proactive C) Proactive; Defensive D) Aggressive; Proactive Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 4 Market Imperfections: A Rationale for the Existen ce of the Multinational Firm Skill: Recognition True/False 1) For firms competing in a world characterized by oligopolistic competition, strategic motives can be subdivided into proactive and defensive investments. Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Topic: 1. 4 Market Imperfections: A Rationale for the Existence of the Multinational Firm Skill: Recognition 2) Defensive measures are designed to enhance growth and profitability of the firm itself. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Topic: 1. 4 Market Imperfections: A Rationale for the Existence of the Multinational Firm Skill: Recognition 1. 5 The Globalization Process Multiple Choice 1) The phase of the globalization process characterized by imports from foreign suppliers and exports to foreign buyers is called the A) domestic phase. B) multinational phase. C) international trade phase.D) import-export banking phase. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 5 The Globalization Process Skill: Recognition 2) The authors describe the multinational phase of globalization for a firm as one characterized by the A) ownership of assets and enterprises in foreign countries. B) potential for international competitors or suppliers even though all accounts are with domestic firms and are denominated in dollars. C) imports from foreign suppliers and exports to foreign buyers. D) requirement that all employees be multilingual. Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 5 The Globalization Process Skill: Recognition ) A firm in the International Trade Phase of Globalization A) makes all foreign payments in foreign currency units and all foreign receipts in domestic currency units. B) receives all foreign receipts in foreign currency units and makes all foreign payments in domestic currency units. C) bears direct foreign exchange risk. D) none of the above Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 5 The Globalization Process Skill: Conceptual 4) Of the following, which was NOT mentioned by the authors as an increase in the demands of financial management services due to increased globalization b y the firm?A) Evaluation of the credit quality of foreign buyers and sellers. B) Foreign consumer method of payment preferences. C) Credit risk management. D) Evaluation of foreign exchange risk. Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 5 The Globalization Process Skill: Recognition 5) Of the following, which was NOT mentioned by the authors as an increase in the demands of financial management services due to increased globalization by the firm? A) Evaluation of the credit quality of foreign buyers and sellers. B) Foreign consumer method of payment preferences. C) Credit risk management.D) Evaluation of foreign exchange risk. Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 5 The Globalization Process Skill: Recognition 6) The authors describe the multinational phase of globalization for a firm as one characterized by the A) ownership of assets and enterprises in foreign countries. B) potential for international competitors or suppliers even though all accounts are with domestic firms and are denominated in dollars . C) imports from foreign suppliers and exports to foreign buyers. D) requirement that all employees be multilingual. Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 5 The Globalization ProcessSkill: Recognition 7) The twin agency problems limiting financial globalization are caused by these two groups acting in their own self-interests rather than the interests of the firm. A) Rulers of sovereign states and unsavory customs officials. B) Corporate insiders and attorneys. C) Corporate insiders and rulers of sovereign states. D) Attorneys and unsavory customs officials. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 5 The Globalization Process Skill: Recognition True/False 1) Typically, a firm in its domestic stage of globalization has all financial transactions in its domestic currency.Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Topic: 1. 5 The Globalization Process Skill: Conceptual 2) Typically, a â€Å"greenfield† investment abroad is considered a greater foreign investment having a greater foreign presence than a joint venture with a foreign firm. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Topic: 1. 5 The Globalization Process Skill: Recognition 3) The authors argue that financial inefficiency caused by influential insiders may prove to be an increasingly troublesome barrier to international finance. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: 1. 5 The Globalization Process Skill: Conceptual

Class

In Maya Angelou’s excerpt, â€Å"What’s So Funny? † she pointed out that vulgarity and crudeness happens to be the direction in which comedians, entertainers, and people take their jokes. She explains that behind the obscene profanities, are people who are just as vulgar as their jokes. By us laughing with them, we are not only stooping down to their level, we are also taking part in the humiliation. I agree with Maya Angelou’s point. For example, laughing when someone makes a joke towards someone else who suffers from obesity not only humiliates that person, but makes them feel disgusted with themselves.The person laughing is applauding the comedian. What’s the humor in that? There’s a difference between being funny and being disrespectful. A lot of us tend to be confused as to where to draw the line. While others simply like to cross it. It’s almost like a form of bullying, but not a lot of us see it like that. Ms. Angelou believes t hat there are other ways to make jokes and start conversation without having to stoop low and belittle someone. Our generation has grown to become more shallow and vain through the years.When entertainers, comedians, and people use vulgarity and crudeness to express their thoughts and use it in their jokes to make an audience laugh, it paves a path for the audience to chime in and think that it is okay to behave that way. Perhaps the person making the joke is hiding behind the shallowness in order to prevent exposing their own insecurities? Maybe they’re using obscenities and humiliation as a self-defense mechanism. I never even thought about the bigger picture until now. Ms.Angelou is right. Nothing should stop us from saying â€Å"that’s wrong. † We don’t have to laugh at someone else’s mean joke just because it’s meant to be funny. Maybe the cold shoulder to a rude joke would be the bigger reaction. Either way one as an individual needs t o realize when someone has crossed the line. I feel that Maya Angelou’s â€Å"What’s so funny? † has definitely opened up my eyes and made look at things from different perspective because I’d be lying if I said I wasn’t one of those audience members.

Is AP Chemistry Hard 5 Key Factors Considered

Is AP Chemistry Hard 5 Key Factors Considered SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips AP Chemistry is an intimidating subject if you're not familiar with the material. There are all these weird formulas with superscripts and subscripts to remember, and it involves what some students view as an unpleasant amount of math. But is AP Chemistry as hard as it sounds? In this article, I'll examine five different factors to reach a conclusion regarding the true difficulty level of AP Chemistry in comparison with other high-level classes. What Determines the Difficulty of an AP Class? 5 Factors Before we talk about AP Chemistry specifically, what are the main factors that determine how hard (or easy) an AP class is? Let's take a look at the top five. Factor 1: Passing Rate The number of test takers who score 3 or higher on an AP test is a good indication of how difficult the AP class is. If a very high percentage of students earn passing scores, it might mean that the class is less challenging. It might also mean, however, that the particular class attracts higher-achieving students who are extremely well prepared and tend to do better on tests across the board. That’s why, in addition to score averages, we also need to consider the perceptions of students and the actual difficulty of the content. Factor 2: 5 Score Rate Another piece of data that's slightly different from the passing rate is the percentage of students earning 5s (the highest possible score) on the AP test. A large percentage of students may pass an AP test, but if only a small group earns 5s, it usually means that true mastery of the subject is hard to come by. The cutoff for a 5 on most AP tests only requires answering 60-70% of questions correctly, so even a 5 doesn't necessarily represent complete comprehension of the material being tested. Factor 3: Content Difficulty The content covered is, of course, a central factor that affects the difficulty of an AP course. Even if most students pass the exam, the class itself might be challenging because of the amount of ground it covers or because of the complexity of the material. In this case, a high passing rate would indicate that only very driven students take the class, and everyone else shies away from it. Factor 4: How Students Perceive the Class The difficulty of AP classes can also be judged by the way students view them. As I mentioned, some classes with high passing rates owe these statistics to self-selection by high-achieving students. That doesn’t mean that these students think the material is easy, though. They’re just more dedicated to working through challenging concepts. Evidently, student feedback can provide yet another perspective on the difficulty of an AP class. Factor 5: When Students Take the Class If students take the class earlier in high school, they're more likely to perceive it as difficult. If they take it their junior or senior year, on the other hand, they're more likely to feel comfortable with the material. Why? By this time, most students have adapted to their high school workloads and have possibly already taken other AP classes, too. These are the five main factors that determine the difficulty of an AP class. In the next sections, I’ll analyze all these factors for the AP Chemistry class and exam to give you a better idea of how much of a challenge they'll present for you. Chemistry's the one with the shapes and stuff, right? (Sorry, I can't use a screencap of Channing Tatum from 21 Jump Street for legal reasons, and I can't say the real line cuz I'm keepin' it clean. But you get the reference- or at least you do now because I overexplained it.) What Do Statistics Say About the AP Chemistry Exam? It's now time for us to determine the difficulty of AP Chemistry specifically. First off, what’s the passing rate for AP Chemistry? In 2017, the passing rate (i.e., the percent of test takers who scored 3 or higher) was 52.4%. This rate is lower than that for the AP Biology test (64.1%) and slightly higher than that for US History (50.9%). Human Geography, US History, US Government and Politics, Physics 1, and Environmental Science are the only tests that have lower passing rates than Chemistry does. This data indicates that Chemistry is a difficult test- but, as you can see, there’s an eclectic mix of different subjects with low passing rates. Passing rates don't always reflect how hard AP tests are; rather, these results represent a combination of which types of students tend to take the class and the objective complexity of the material covered. AP Environmental Science, for example, doesn’t cover super challenging concepts, but students who choose to take this AP class tend to be less intense- they might take it as a one-off AP when they’re in mostly mid-level classes otherwise. Even keeping these factors in mind, I think AP Chemistry’s low passing rate is reflective of a high level of difficulty. Usually, only the most driven students take AP Chemistry, and they’re still not passing the test at an especially high rate. We can also look at the 5 rate for the test. The 5 rate for AP Chemistry is 10.1%. Only six other AP tests have lower 5 rates. This statistic is consistent with the passing rate in terms of AP Chemistry's position among other AP tests. Because the passing rate and the 5 rate are well aligned in this way, I’m inclined to conclude that AP Chemistry is a test on the difficult end of the AP spectrum. You know, the AP spectrum. It's like the color spectrum except with no colors- only darkness and pain. Is the Content of the AP Chemistry Class Difficult? There’s a lot of material covered in AP Chemistry. The course involves memorization of complex principles, mastery of specific mathematical skills, and the ability to visualize interactions between tiny things that can only be represented abstractly. It’s similar to AP Biology in some ways, but it’s even harder to intuitively understand if you don’t know much about chemistry in the first place. Take this official AP Chemistry multiple-choice question, for example: If you haven't taken any chemistry classes, this question will be virtually incomprehensible to you (the answer is D, if you're wondering). There's a whole separate language around chemistry, with symbols and words that are almost never used in daily life- unless you're a chemist or chemical engineer. Questions on a test like AP Biology might ask about advanced concepts, but there aren't as many unfamiliar terms or new ways of thinking involved as there are on the AP Chemistry test. In general, you need a wide range of skills to succeed in chemistry, and these skills build on each other from the ground up. The foundations of the Chemistry course deal with memorizing the properties of different substances and developing an understanding of why they behave in certain ways under certain conditions. You'll use this knowledge to conduct data analysis and do calculations. To show you what I mean, here's an example of a question you might see on the Chemistry test: For part a, the conjugate base form, In-, is the predominant form of HIn in the buffer in Beaker Y. This is because the pH of the beaker (7) is greater than the pKa of HIn (5), which means that the equilibrium reaction will form a significant amount of products (In- and H3O+). For part b, the acid form of HIn predominates the aqueous layer of Beaker X since pH (3) pKa (5). HIn is a neutral molecule, so some of it can dissolve in the oil layer of Beaker X due to London dispersion interactions with the oil (which leads to the yellow color of the oil layer). The oil layer in Beaker Y, on the other hand, is colorless because In- is charged. It will mainly dissolve in the aqueous layer of Beaker Y due to ion-dipole interactions with water. This question asks students to draw on background knowledge of acids and buffer solutions to explain the chemical interactions present in a specific scenario. If you don’t understand the basic concepts of the course, you won’t be able to justify your answers to more advanced problems. The cumulative nature of AP Chemistry's wide-ranging curriculum and the complex critical-thinking skills required to answer most questions on the exam contribute to its reputation as a very challenging course. If you have cracks in your foundation, you'll have to halt construction on the monument to AP Chemistry that symbolizes your understanding of the material. Seriously, though- stop building that thing and do your real homework. Do Students Think AP Chemistry Is Hard? From personal experience, I'd say yes to this question- but ultimately it depends heavily on your aptitude for the material, the quality of your teacher, and your previous experiences with chemistry. As someone who had a terrible AP Chemistry teacher, I found it very difficult to understand the concepts I was being taught. It was especially hard because my high school didn't give us the option of taking an introductory chemistry course before AP. Students who have a stronger background in chemistry might find the class easier to get through, but AP Chemistry is still notorious for having lots of homework and challenging tests. This goes back to one of the factors listed at the beginning of this article: when students tend to take the class. Many high schoolers take AP Chemistry in their junior or senior year after taking an introductory chemistry course. The fact that even these students see AP Chemistry as a hard course validates the judgments we've made thus far about its high difficulty level. Almost every academic skill is involved. You’ll have to deal with problem sets, labs, and extensive memorization of chemical properties. The math aspect of the course includes unit conversions, reaction balancing, and other stoichiometry problems (which use relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction to do calculations). If math doesn’t come easily to you, AP Chemistry will be more difficult. Students have varied opinions of the class depending on how it's taught at their schools. The main response is that although it's a lot of work, it can be a rewarding experience. Everyone seems to agree that the quality of teaching has a huge impact on the difficulty level and enjoyability of the class. Here's what some students think about AP Chemistry. Quotes come from College Confidential, and all bold emphasis is mine. I took it sophomore year and it was definitely rough. However, much of that was because of the teacher. If you've already taken CP Chem, AP likely won't be as hard for you as it is for many others. I think that it is hard compared to my other classes (I am taking 5 more APs at the moment in addition to this one), and the science department practically had to beg the ten people that are in the class to take it. Behind Calc BC, Chemistry is the hardest AP at my school as well. However, it is so much fun- a great curriculum. If you love chemistry, or even have an interest in it, definitely take it. If you can look at this without feeling a wave of panic rising in your chest, you'll probably do well in AP Chemistry. Will AP Chemistry Be Hard for You? Based on what we now know about AP Chemistry, how can you determine how hard the class (and test) will be for you? Here are three actions you can take: #1: Ask Teachers and Previous Students About the Class Every school is different, so the AP Chemistry class offered at your school could be more or less demanding than those offered at other high schools. This is why it’s best to consult with people who have the inside scoop. Talk to your current science teacher to see what he or she has to say about AP Chemistry. Will you be able to handle it based on how you did in science this past year? Have students who are similar to you had trouble with AP Chemistry in the past? You can also discuss this with your guidance counselor, who should have access to additional data on how previous students fared in the class. Previous students are great resources as well. If they’ve been through the class, they can give you a better idea of how overwhelming (or underwhelming) the workload actually is. #2: Think About Your Academic Strengths and Weaknesses If you enjoy math and science and are genuinely interested in chemistry, AP Chemistry will be an easier class for you than it would be for someone who would rather never look at a math problem again. Chemistry is more technical and math-centric than AP Biology is. It’s hard to memorize or reason your way out of aspects of the content you only vaguely understand on a deeper level. If you don’t know exactly how to do a chemistry problem, it can start to look like a meaningless jumble of numbers and letters pretty quickly. If you tend to rely on memorization to do well in most subjects, AP Chemistry might be a rude awakening for you. #3: Pay Attention to Your Schedule Only you know how much effort you're willing to put into your classes. However, I can pretty much guarantee that it'll be hard for anyone to take AP Chemistry at the same time as other time-consuming classes, such as AP Biology or AP English Lit. I don't recommend taking more than two intense AP classes simultaneously (see our take on which APs are the hardest), particularly if you have lots of extracurriculars. You should also try to fit an introductory chemistry class into your schedule the year before you take AP Chemistry so that you’re well prepared! If you get to the point where you're eating whole coffee beans to stay awake, it's time to reevaluate your choices. Conclusion: Is AP Chemistry Hard? Based on the evidence I've seen, we can say that Chemistry is one of the harder AP classes. It has a low passing rate, a low 5 rate, and its content is considered pretty challenging from both an objective viewpoint and a student's perspective. Don’t let this scare you away from the subject, though. Chemistry is truly fascinating once you break through the first couple layers of understanding. You'll learn so much about how the world works and why it works that way. If you take an introductory chemistry class beforehand and are prepared to work hard, you'll be more than capable of doing well! What's Next? Still not quite sure what to expect from AP Chemistry? Read this article for more details about the structure and content of the exam. Already taking AP Chemistry and need some extra help? We go over how to balance chemical equations in this guide. Are you planning on taking SAT Subject Tests in addition to APs? Learn about the differences between these two types of tests and which scores matter more to colleges. If you're still trying to figure out your schedule, take a look at this article for advice on which AP classes you should take in high school. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

The Need for Electricians is on the Rise

The Need for Electricians is on the Rise The end of the Great Recession is worthy of celebration for several reasons, but one group of tradespeople may have even more reason to rejoice than the rest of the population: electricians. Why? Because with the recession behind them and a construction boom imminent, they are positioned to be in great demand in the years ahead. Here’s what you need to know. There’s a reason he’s so happy.A Closer Look at the NumbersAccording to the United States Department of Labor’s Bureau of Labor Statistics, the job outlook for electricians is expected to grow by a whopping 20 percent between 2012 and 2022. This significantly exceeds the average growth for all occupations.Why the increase? Jobs for electricians fluctuate based on the health of the overall economy. In times of stagnation and recession, demand for construction and maintenance drops leading to fewer jobs for these trained professionals.When the economy is healthy, however, the construction building and ma intenance industry thrives - meaning more jobs await those with the right training and qualifications.Not only that, but many older electricians turned to other types of work during the recession-era shortage. Their absence now leaves the door open to new workers in the field. Particularly with so much buzz surrounding the challenges of job seekers with bachelor’s degrees, the in-demand nature of electrical work makes it a more popular choice than ever.And considering that nearly every building has some form of electrical power, a building boom means terrific prospects for electricians.Not Just More Work, But Different WorkOther factors affecting the job market for electricians? Emerging technology related to alternative power generation - everything from solar to wind - will challenge electricians in new and exciting ways. From installation to linking these alternative sources of power to the grids, these responsibilities are expected to land with electricians, although g overnment policy may determine the extent to which employment opportunities occur.And while some manufacturing plants will shut down due to old or inefficient facilities, these closures should be outpaced by the installation and maintenance related to new manufacturing plants.What You Need to KnowElectricians require a high school diploma or its equivalent. Additionally, the majority of electricians learn the trade through a four to five year apprenticeship program, while others attend trade school. Nearly every state requires licensing before electricians can practice. This varies from state to state but typically includes a test on requirements related to electrical codes. What does it take to make it as an electrician? They typically have strong business, critical thinking, customer service, and troubleshooting skills.Because more and more people are becoming aware of the career promise in electrical work, the competition is stiff with hundreds of candidates applying for a handfu l of apprenticeships in certain regions. However, pursuing your goals despite the competition is largely regarded as worth it considering that many apprentices make more than many debt-burdened college grads: a median pay of just under $50,000 with the top earners making as much as $83,000.Even better? Ten percent of electricians are self-employed and can set their own hours.While the forecast for licensed electricians may not have looked sunny in the height of the recession, the current outlook is beyond bright - and more than reason enough to give this profession another look. Wondering about positions for electricians near you? Sign up for the innovative to get started.While the forecast for licensed electricians may not have looked sunny in the height of the recession, the current outlook is beyond bright - and more than reason enough to give this profession another look.

The Effects of rewards on employee motivation Essay

The Effects of rewards on employee motivation - Essay Example As researches at the work level have shown, however, these needs for external rank or status are not the only needs which the worker brings to his work situation. Research has also shown the importance to the worker of the need to belong, to be liked, and to be an accepted member of a group. These member or internal rewards are thus highly prized by the worker (Reed 32). To become an accepted or high-ranking member of a work group, however, exacts its toll or cost: one must abide by its values and norms. But by abiding by its values and norms, the member's needs for association, friendship, approval, and support are satisfied. His standing or rank in the eyes of his fellow workers also goes up (Schuler 78). "The components of the motivation function include motivation theories, appropriate job design, reward and incentive systems, compensation, and benefits" (DeCenzo and Robbins 51). The terms "external" as applied to the concept of needs or rewards refer primarily to the source, organizationally speaking, through which individual needs tend to be satisfied (Schuler 79). The external needs include the need for economic rewards such as pay and job security. Through these economic rewards, of course, the individual satisfies many physical and biological needs which are elementary in human survival and adaptation. The external needs also include the need for status and to be engaged in interesting work; that is, to satisfy the desire to do work that tests competence and expresses some creative ability in individuals. In modern industry most of the needs included in the external category are associated with the larger organization and the management union structure (Reed 33). Management generally decides what and how work is to be done. Armstrong and Murlis (2007) underlines that: "aim is to offer a value proposition and maximize the combined impact of a wide range of reward initiatives on motivation, commitment and job engagement" (12). Through the process of collective bargaining, an organization-wide pay structure is established, setting the level of pay for various tasks. Similarly, other economic policies are established which determine the conditions of work which are external to the individual and the small group of which he is a part. At times, consequently, researchers call the external rewards "reward by management" (Reed 40; Lashaway-Bokina 225). Motivation is defined as a psychological force, analogous to a physical force in that it is a vector quantity possessing both magnitude and direction. Motivation is the amount of effort that one desires to expend in a given direction. The amount of effort one does expend to reach a goal is assumed, in the absence of the imposition of constraints on effort expenditure, to be in direct proportion to the amount of effort one desires to expend (Reed 40). Alternatively stated, and again neglecting constraints, the amount of eff